Post

[강의] 실전! 스프링 부트와 JPA 활용1 - 웹 애플리케이션 개발 - trouble shooting

Posted Updated
By Jung Yeonseo 7 min read

실전! 스프링 부트와 JPA 활용1 - 웹 애플리케이션 개발 강의

김영한님의 인프런 강의(실전! 스프링 부트와 JPA 활용1 - 웹 애플리케이션 개발)는 따라 코딩하는 게 대부분인 강의라서 강의 내용을 github에 정리해보기로 했다.

따라 코딩하는 중에 발생하는 오류만 여기서 따로 다뤄보고자 한다!

섹션 1. 프로젝트 환경설정

테스트 에러

h2데이터 베이스를 연동한 뒤, Member 클래스와 레퍼지토리를 생성해 주었고, 이에 대한 테스트인 MemberRepositoryTest를 수행하는 것이 1장의 내용이었다.

MemberRepositoryTest.java

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringRunner.class)
public class MemberRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired MemberRepository memberRepository;

    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void testMember() throws Exception {
        //given
        Member member = new Member();
        member.setUsername("memberA");

        //when
        Long saveId = memberRepository.save(member);
        Member findMember = memberRepository.find(saveId);

        //then
        assertThat(findMember.getId()).isEqualTo(member.getId());
        assertThat(findMember.getUsername()).isEqualTo(member.getUsername());
    }
}

그러나 이런 오류가 발생했고

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment] due to: Unable to determine Dialect without JDBC metadata (please set 'javax.persistence.jdbc.url', 'hibernate.connection.url', or 'hibernate.dialect')

시도

  1. application.yml에 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect 추가
  2. Settings에서 Build & Run 설정 Gradle에서 IntelliJ로 변경
  3. H2 버전 2.1.214로 변경
  4. @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringRunner.class) 추가 참조
  5. build.gradle implementation 'jakarta.persistence:jakarta.persistence-api:3.1.0' 추가 참조
  6. Member 클래스의 @GeneratedValue 어노테이션에 strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY 명시 - 해결!

@GeneratedValue 어노테이션은 기본적으로 자동으로 ID를 생성하는데, H2 데이터베이스의 경우 @GeneratedValue와 함께 어떤 시퀀스를 사용할 것인지 명시하지 않아 발생하는 문제였던 것 같다. @GeneratedValue 어노테이션에 strategy 속성을 GenerationType.IDENTITY로 명시해주었더니 해결되었다.

사실 이것만의 문제는 아닌 것 같고 예제 코드에 있던 MVCC 설정이나 테스트 환경, 버전 차이 등이 복합적으로 엉켜 발생했던 문제인 것 같다.

섹션 2. 도메인 분석 설계

실행 에러

강의를 따라 엔티티를 생성하고 연관관계를 매핑한 후 어플리케이션을 실행하는 과정에서 다음과 같은 오류가 발생했다.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78

2023-11-09T01:03:37.277+09:00 ERROR 66368 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Could not instantiate id generator [entity-name=jpabook.jpashop.domain.OrderItem]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1770) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:598) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:520) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:325) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1166) ~[spring-context-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:940) ~[spring-context-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:616) ~[spring-context-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:146) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:738) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:440) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1295) ~[spring-boot-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
at jpabook.jpashop.JpashopApplication.main(JpashopApplication.java:10) ~[classes/:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:50) ~[spring-boot-devtools-3.1.5.jar:3.1.5]
Caused by: jakarta.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Could not instantiate id generator [entity-name=jpabook.jpashop.domain.OrderItem]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:421) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:352) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1817) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1766) ~[spring-beans-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
... 21 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Could not instantiate id generator [entity-name=jpabook.jpashop.domain.OrderItem]
at org.hibernate.id.factory.internal.StandardIdentifierGeneratorFactory.createIdentifierGenerator(StandardIdentifierGeneratorFactory.java:230) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.id.factory.internal.IdentifierGeneratorUtil.createLegacyIdentifierGenerator(IdentifierGeneratorUtil.java:126) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.mapping.SimpleValue.createGenerator(SimpleValue.java:414) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.lambda$createGenerators$1(SessionFactoryImpl.java:414) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.HashMap$ValueSpliterator.forEachRemaining(HashMap.java:1779) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:596) ~[na:na]
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.createGenerators(SessionFactoryImpl.java:413) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:249) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:444) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1458) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:75) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:376) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-6.0.13.jar:6.0.13]
... 25 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Could not fetch the SequenceInformation from the database
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.sequenceInformationList(ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.java:307) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.getSequenceInformationList(ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.java:151) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.id.enhanced.SequenceStyleGenerator.getSequenceIncrementValue(SequenceStyleGenerator.java:568) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.id.enhanced.SequenceStyleGenerator.configure(SequenceStyleGenerator.java:216) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.id.factory.internal.StandardIdentifierGeneratorFactory.createIdentifierGenerator(StandardIdentifierGeneratorFactory.java:224) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
... 44 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Column "start_value" not found [42122-214]
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:502) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:477) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:223) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:199) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcResultSet.getColumnIndex(JdbcResultSet.java:3492) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcResultSet.getLong(JdbcResultSet.java:745) ~[h2-2.1.214.jar:2.1.214]
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyResultSet.getLong(HikariProxyResultSet.java) ~[HikariCP-5.0.1.jar:na]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.internal.SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.resultSetStartValueSize(SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.java:110) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.internal.SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.lambda$extractMetadata$0(SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.spi.ExtractionContext.getQueryResults(ExtractionContext.java:50) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.tool.schema.extract.internal.SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.extractMetadata(SequenceInformationExtractorLegacyImpl.java:39) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.sequenceInformationList(ExtractedDatabaseMetaDataImpl.java:291) ~[hibernate-core-6.2.13.Final.jar:6.2.13.Final]
... 48 common frames omitted


Process finished with exit code 0

원인은 다음과 같다.

오류는 Hibernate의 SequenceStyleGenerator를 사용하여 엔터티의 기본 키를 생성하려고 시도할 때 발생할 수 있습니다. SequenceStyleGenerator는 데이터베이스 시퀀스를 사용하여 고유 식별자를 생성하는 방식 중 하나입니다. 그러나 이 오류는 H2 데이터베이스에서 “start_value” 열을 찾지 못하면서 발생합니다.

해결

H2 콘솔 창에서 SELECT H2VERSION() FROM DUAL; 를 실행해 버전을 확인했더니 1.4.200 이었고, build.gradle 에서는 2.1.214로 버전이 설정되어 있었다. build.gradle에서 h2 버전을 1.4.200 로 설정해주었더니 해결되었다.

섹션 4. 회원 도메인 개발

실행 에러

회원 서비스 테스트를 실행시키는 데 다음과 같은 오류가 발생했다.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

org.junit.runners.model.InvalidTestClassError: Invalid test class 'jpabook.jpashop.service.MemberServiceTest':
  1. The class jpabook.jpashop.service.MemberServiceTest is not public.
  2. Test class should have exactly one public constructor

	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.validate(ParentRunner.java:525)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.<init>(ParentRunner.java:92)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:74)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:137)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.<init>(SpringRunner.java:49)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:77)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:499)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:480)
	at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
	at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
	at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:70)
	at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:37)
	at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:70)
	at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.createRunner(ClassRequest.java:28)
	at org.junit.internal.requests.MemoizingRequest.getRunner(MemoizingRequest.java:19)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:50)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:232)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:55)

어이없게도 그냥 public이 지워져있어서 그런 거였움,,

섹션 7. 웹 계층 개발

버전 에러

MemberForm에서 @NotEmpty 어노테이션을 붙여줘야 하는데 등록이 되지 않았다. Validation Starter 의존성은 더 이상 웹 스타터 의존성에 포함되지 않으므로 Build.gradle 파일에 다음을 수동으로 추가해주니 해결 되었다.

implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-validation'

드디어 완강했다!

Inflearn, 실전! 스프링 부트와 JPA 활용1
JPA
This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author.